Comparison of the Effects of Ultrasound-guided Microwave Ablation and Radiofrequency Ablation on Thyroid Function and Safety in Patients with Benign Thyroid Nodules
Objective:To compare the effects of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation(MWA)and radiofrequency ablation(RFA)on thyroid function and safety in patients with benign thyroid nodules.Method:Ninety-two patients with benign thyroid nodules treated at the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2020 to January 2023 were selected retrospectively and divided into the MWA group and RFA group according to the different surgical methods,each with 46 cases;the MWA group was treated with ultrasound-guided microwave ablation,and the RFA group was treated with ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation.The ablation time,ablation time per unit volume,thyroid function[thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH),serum free thyroid triiodothyronine(FT3),free thyroxine(FT4)],and inflammatory factors[interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),and C reactive protein(CRP)]of the two groups were observed.Result:(1)The ablation time and ablation time per unit volume of the MWA group were shorter than those of the RFA group(P＜0.05);(2)before treatment,there was no significant difference in the volume of nodules between the two groups(P＞0.05),and the nodule volume was reduced 3 months after treatment compared with the pre-treatment period(P＜0.05),and the nodule volume of the MWA group was smaller than that of the RFA group(P＜0.05),and the nodule shrinkage rate of the MWA group was higher than that of the RFA group(P＜0.05);(3)before treatment,there were no significant differences in TSH,FT3 and FT4 between the two groups(P＞0.05),and TSH were increased and FT4 were decreased 7 d after treatment compared with the pre-treatment(P＜0.05),and TSH in the MWA group was lower than that of the RFA group(P＜0.05),and FT3 and FT4 in the MWA group were higher than those of the RFA group(P＜0.05);(4)before treatment,there were no significant differences in the inflammatory factors(IL-6,TNF-α and CRP)between the two groups(P＞0.05),and the inflammatory factors were increased 7 d after treatment compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),but the indexes of each inflammatory factor in the MWA group were lower than those in the RFA group(P＜0.05);(5)the complications in the MWA group was 15.22%,which was higher than 2.17%in the RFA group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:MWA is effective in reducing the ablation time and ablation time per unit volume of benign thyroid nodules,and has less impact on thyroid function and inflammatory factor levels,but has a slightly worse safety profile than RFA.
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