In recent years,immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)represented by antibodies against programmed death receptor 1(PD-1),programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1),and cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4(CTLA-4)have completely revolutionized tumor therapy.However,it is accompanied by immune related adverse reactions involving multiple organs.The liver is constantly exposed to foreign antigens and has evolved a high immune tolerance.This article mainly reviews the research progress on CTLA-4,ICIs,liver immune tolerance,and immune mediated hepatitis mechanisms related to immune mediated hepatitis.
维普
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