Percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)is a common treatment for coronary atherosclerosis.In-stent restenosis(ISR)is a relatively frequent complication following stent implantation.MicroRNA(miRNA)can serve as biomarkers and targets for the diagnosis and treatment of restenosis,potentially preventing or reducing its occurrence.This article reviews the pathophysiological mechanisms of ISR,presents the functions and regulatory processes of several miRNA in ISR,and elucidates their roles in regulating the phenotypes,proliferation,and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC)and endothelial cells(EC).This article offers clinical insights into miRNA targeted therapeutic and preventive strategies for ISR,thereby guiding treatment protocols.
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