摘要
功能性消化不良是儿科常见脾胃系疾病,与不良的饮食和生活习惯密切相关.其主要临床表现为上腹部饱胀、疼痛、厌食、嗳气、恶心、呕吐、反酸等,如不及时干预易致患儿生长发育迟缓、营养不良等.西医治疗本病常以对症治疗,如使用促动力药、抑酸药改善患儿食欲,缓解腹胀、腹痛等症状,但易复发.大量研究证实中医药在改善患儿厌食、嗳气、腹胀、腹痛、呕吐等方面安全有效,可单独用于治疗儿童功能性消化不良.滇南儿科流派代表性人物熊磊教授认为本病之本总由脾胃,或因"阳受风气",邪气客胃,阻滞中焦气机;或因"阴受湿气",湿邪困脾,运化无力而成.基于"阳受风气,阴受湿气"理论,认为脾胃被困,非香弗醒,临床运用具有芳香特性的中药组方以醒脾化湿、调理中州气机,恢复脾胃纳化功能,用于治疗功能性消化不良疗效显著.
Abstract
Functional dyspepsia(FD)is a common gastrointestinal disorder in pediatrics,closely associated with poor diet and lifestyle habits.The main clinical manifestations include upper abdominal fullness,pain,anorexia,belching,nausea,vomiting,and acid regurgitation.If not intervened in time,this disease may lead to growth retardation and malnutrition.In western medicine,this disease is often managed by symptomatic therapy,such as using prokinetic and antisecretory drugs to improve children's appetite and relieve abdominal distension and abdominal pain,but it is easy to recur.Numerous studies have proved that traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is safe and effective in improving anorexia,belching,abdominal distension,abdominal pain,vomiting,etc.,and can be used alone to treat children with FD.Prof.Xiong Lei,a representative figure of the Diannan School of Pediatrics,believes that the origin of this disease is always in the spleen and stomach:it may be because"yang is exposed to wind"and the pathogenic qi invades the stomach,blocking the flow of qi in the middle jiao,or it may be because"yin is exposed to dampness"and the dampness is trapped in the spleen,resulting in the dysfunction of spleen,which leads to FD.Based on the theory of"yang is exposed to wind and yin is exposed to dampness",prof.Xiong believes that when the spleen and stomach are trapped,non-aromatic TCM cannot activate them.In clinical practice,the use of TCM formulas with aromatic characteristics can activate the spleen and eliminate dampness,regulate qi of the middle jiao,and restore the function of the spleen and stomach,thereby having significant therapeutic effects in the treatment of FD.
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