Objective To explore the effect of nursing mode under positive reinforcement theory in patients with cervical cancer undergoing daytime chemotherapy.Methods Totally 84 patients undergoing daytime chemotherapy for cervical cancer between January 2019 and June 2023 were randomly divided into a control group(n=42)and an observation group(n=42).The control group was given routine daytime chemotherapy nursing,while the observation group was provided with nursing based on the positive reinforcement theory.Then both groups were evaluated using the self-rating depression scale(SDS),social support rating scale(SSRS).Moreover,the duration time of side effects after chemotherapy were compared between the two groups.Results There were significant differences between the two groups in the SDS score(Z=-2.698,P=0.007),as well as the social support(Z=-6.750,P<0.001)after intervention.The duration of side effects in the observation group reduced significantly compared with the control group(Z=-7.751,P<0.001).Conclusion The nursing mode based on the positive reinforcement theory can significantly improve the emotional state,social support.Moreover,it can shorten the duration of side effects caused by chemotherapy to a certain extent.Therefore,it is worthy of promotion in clinical nursing.