摘要
目的:探讨经食管实时三维超声心动图(RT-3D-TEE)、CT血管造影(CTA)以及脑卒中危险(CHA2DS2-VASc)评分三者联合对非瓣膜性房颤患者左心耳血栓形成的预测价值.方法:选取2022年1月至2023年6月沧州市人民医院心血管内科收治的88例非瓣膜性房颤患者,根据是否发生左心耳血栓将其分为血栓组(36例)和无血栓组(52例).所有患者均接受RT-3D-TEE和CTA检查,并进行CHA2DS2-VASc评分.logistic回归分析非瓣膜性房颤患者左心耳形成相关因素.绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析RT-3D-TEE、CTA及CHA2DS2-VASc对非瓣膜性房颤患者左心耳血栓形成的预测价值,计算ROC曲线下面积(AUC)、灵敏度及特异度.结果:血栓组左心耳最大排空流速(LAAeV)为(51.48±5.87)、左心耳最大充盈速度(LAAfV)为(48.36±5.49)及三维容积法射血分数(3D-EF)(39.26±3.24)均小于无血栓组,差异具有统计学意义(t=5.933、6.767、4.605,P＜0.05).血栓组左心耳开口长径、短径及周长,以及容积、面积均大于无血栓组,射血分数小于无血栓组,差异具有统计学意义(t=6.581、3.410、9.220、3.178、4.453、4.162,P＜0.05).血栓组菜花型和仙人掌型占比大于无血栓组,风向标型占比和鸡翅型占比小于无血栓组,差异具有统计学意义(x2=3.771、7.132、1.003、5.455,P＜0.05).血栓组CHA2DS2-VASc评分显著高于无血栓组,差异具有统计学意义(t=12.269,P＜0.05).LAAeV、LAAfV、3D-EF、开口长径、开口短径、开口周长、容积、射血分数、空间形态以及CHA2DS2-VASc评分均与非瓣膜性房颤患者左心耳血栓形成显著相关(OR=4.323～19.562,P＜0.05).RT-3D-TEE、CTA及CHA2DS2-VASc评分三者联合预测非瓣膜性房颤患者左心耳血栓形成的灵敏度、特异度及AUC分别为93.48%、90.83%和0.895(0.654～0.963).结论:RT-3D-TEE、CTA及CHA2DS2-VASc评分对非瓣膜性房颤患者左心耳血栓形成的预测价值均较高,其中两项联合和三项联合均可有效提高单项检测的预测效能,临床可根据实际情况进行选择.
Abstract
Objective:To investigate the predictive value of the combination of real-time three dimensional echocardiography of esophagus(RT-3D-TEE),computed tomography angiography(CTA)and congestive heart failure hypertension age diabetes mellitus prior stroke or transient ischemic attack vascular disease sex category(CHA2DS2-VASc)for left atrial appendage thrombosis in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.Methods:A total of 88 patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation admitted to the department of cardiovascular medicine of Cangzhou People's Hospital from January 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into thrombus group(n=36)and non-thrombus group(n=52)based on whether occurred left atrial appendage thrombosis.All patients underwent RT-3D-TEE and CTA examinations,and underwent CHA2DS2-VASc scoring.Logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of forming left atrial appendage in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the predictive values of RT-3D-TEE,CTA and CHA2DS2-VASc on left atrial appendage thrombosis in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.And then,area under curve(AUC)value,sensitivity and specificity were calculated.Results:The maximum left atrial appendage emptying velocity(LAAeV)(51.48±5.87),the maximum left atrial appendage filling velocity(LAAfV)(48.36±5.49)and three-dimensional volume ejection fraction(3D-EF)(39.26±3.24)in the thrombus group were all significantly lower than those in the non-thrombus group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=5.933,6.767,4.605,P＜0.05),respectively.The opening diameter,short diameter and circumference,volume and area of left atrial appendage of the thrombus group were all larger than those of the non-thrombus group,while the ejection fraction was smaller than that of the non-thrombus group(t=6.581,3.410,9.220,3.178,4.453,4.162,P＜0.05),respectively.The ratios of cauliflower and cactus types of thrombus group were larger than those of non-thrombus group,and the ratios of wind vane type and chicken wing type were smaller than those of non-thrombus group,and the differences were significant(x2=3.771,7.132,1.003,5.455,P＜0.05),respectively.The CHA2DS2-VASc score of the thrombus group was significantly higher than that of the non-thrombus group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=12.269,P＜0.05).LAAeV,LAAfV,3D-EF,the long diameter of opening,the short diameter of opening,circumference of opening,volume,ejection fraction,spatial morphology and CHA2DS2 VASc score significantly correlated to the left atrial appendage thrombosis of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation(OR=4.323-19.562,P＜0.05).The sensitivity,specificity and AUC value of the combination of RT-3D-TEE,CTA and CHA2DS2-VASc were respectively 93.48%,90.83%and 0.895(0.654-0.963)in predicting left atrial appendage thrombosis of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.Conclusion:The predictive values of RT-3D-TEE,CTA and CHA2DS2-VASc are higher for left atrial appendage thrombosis of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.Among of them,the combinations of two or three indicators can effectively improve the predictive efficiency of individual test.The clinical practice should make choice on the basis of actual conditions.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据