猪屎苓与鸡屎苓的比较研究进展
Comparative Research Progress of Zhushiling and Jishiling
刘幽言 1李寿建 1李兵 1郭顺星1
作者信息
- 1. 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京 100193
- 折叠
摘要
猪苓为我国传统药用真菌,以菌核入药,根据菌核形态常将其分为猪屎苓和鸡屎苓.猪苓栽培依赖种苓无性繁殖,人们对猪屎苓和鸡屎苓的认知不足往往造成苓种混杂,从而导致猪苓药材质量和产量不稳定,影响猪苓产业的健康发展.本文从形态、品质、遗传和菌种栽培4个方面对猪屎苓和鸡屎苓进行了比较与综述.结果表明,虽然以菌核分支、表面特性等形态特征区分猪屎苓与鸡屎苓具有一定的意义,但仍需要建立更科学的分类标准;传统认为猪屎苓质量优于鸡屎苓的观点缺乏科学性,需进行更系统的评价;猪苓菌核形态的差异可能是由遗传、地理、环境或多种因素共同作用的结果;猪苓菌种栽培形成菌核关键技术还未完全突破,鸡屎苓菌株可能更具有开展菌种栽培的潜力.猪屎苓和鸡屎苓在这4个方面均存在差异,从不同角度对猪苓进行系统分析,对于评估猪苓资源并实现其价值的最大化具有重要意义.
Abstract
Polyporus umbellatus,a traditional medicinal fungus in China,is used medicinally for its sclerotium.It is commonly categorized into two types,Zhushiling and Jishiling,based on the morphology of the sclerotia.Cultivation of Polyporus umbellatus heav-ily relies on the asexual reproduction of its sclerotia and the absence of clear distinction between Zhushiling and Jishiling often results in the confusion and intermixing of seed sclerotia.This can lead to the instability in quality and yield of Polyporus umbellatus medicinal materials,thereby adversely affecting the robust development of the Polyporus umbellatus industry.This article provides a comparative overview of Zhushiling and Jishiling in 4 aspects:morphology,quality,genetics and spawn cultivation.The results indicate that although the differentiation between Zhushiling and Jishiling based on morphological features such as sclerotium branches and surface characteristics holds certain significance,there remains a necessity to develop more scientific and precise criteria for this classification.The traditional perspective that Zhushiling is of superior quality compared with Jishiling is often based on empirical observations rather than rigorous scientific evidence.It is imperative to conduct comprehensive and systematic studies to objectively evaluate the quality and medicinal properties of both types.The variation in the sclerotial morphology of Polyporus umbellatus may be the result of a complex interplay among genetic,geographic,environmental factors,as well as other factors that have yet to be identified.Key technological breakthroughs in cultivation of the Polyporus umbellatus spawn leading to the formation of the sclerotia have not yet been achieved.However,the strains of Jishiling may possess greater potential for the development of spawn cultivation techniques.Zhushiling and Jish-iling exhibit differences across 4 distinct aspects.Conducting the systematic analysis of Polyporus umbellatus from various perspectives is significantly important for the evaluation of its resources and for maximizing its potential value.
关键词
猪苓/菌核/品质/遗传多样性/菌种栽培Key words
Polyporus umbellatus/sclerotia/quality/genetic diversity/spawn cultivation引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据