目的 为儿童非伤寒沙门菌(NTS)胃肠炎抗感染治疗提供参考.方法 采用计算机检索PubMed,Web of Science,The Cochrane Library和中国知网数据库中自建库起至2023年12月的儿童NTS胃肠炎抗感染治疗相关文献,从NTS的微生物学特点、流行病学、耐药性及抗感染治疗方案进行总结.结果 儿童是NTS感染的高危人群;在非免疫缺陷情况下,儿童NTS胃肠炎感染程度通常较轻,具有自限性,无须治疗;重度感染、新生儿和低于3月龄、先天性或医源性免疫缺陷患儿需抗感染治疗.目前,第3代头孢菌素、喹诺酮类和大环内酯类抗菌药物为主要治疗药物,具体用法用量应遵循相关指南,疗程以7～10d为宜.结论 应严格把握儿童NTS胃肠炎抗感染治疗指征,制订合理的抗感染治疗方案,以规范抗菌药物的合理使用,遏制细菌耐药.
Abstract
Objective To provide a reference for the anti-infective treatment of children with non-typhoidal Salmonella(NTS)gastroenteritis.Methods The literature related to anti-infective treatment of children with NTS gastroenteritis in the PubMed,Web of Science,The Cochrane Library,and CNKI were searched from the inception of these databases to December 2023.The microbiological characteristics,epidemiology,drug resistance,and anti-infective treatment plans of NTS were summarized.Results Children are at high risk of NTS infection.In the absence of immunodeficiency,NTS gastroenteritis infection in children is generally mild and self-limiting,without treatment.Anti-infective treatment were required for severe infections,newborns and infants less than three months,and children with congenital or iatrogenic immunodeficiency.At present,the third-generation cephalosporins,quinolone antibiotics and macrolides antibiotics are the main therapeutic drugs,and the specific usage and dosage should follow relevant guidelines.The recommended course of treatment is 7-10 d.Conclusion It is necessary to strictly grasp the indications of anti-infective treatment of children with NTS gastroenteritis and formulate a reasonable anti-infective treatment plan to standardize the rational use of antibiotics,and curb antimicrobial resistance.
维普
万方数据