Mechanism of Ginseng Polysaccharides in the Treatment of Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Ulcerative Colitis
Objective To investigate the mechanism of ginseng polysaccharides in the treatment of dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis(UC).Methods A total of 50 C57/B6 mice were randomly divided into the blank control group(group A,equal volume of normal saline),the model control group(group B,equal amount of normal saline),and low-,medium-,and high-dose groups of ginseng polysaccharides(groups C1,C2,and C3,50,100,200 mg/kg),with 10 mice in each group.The mice in group A were given free drinking water,while the mice in groups B,C1,C2,and C3 were given 3％DSS solution for 7 d to establish UC models.After successful modeling,the mice in each group were orally administered with corresponding drugs for 6 d.The body weight of mice was measured daily,and the disease activity index(DAI)was evaluated.After the end of administration,the mice were euthanized and the colon length was measured.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the colon.Fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled dextran was used to detect the intestinal leakage levels.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)was used to detect the expression levels of interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-1β,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and caspase 3 mRNA of the colon.Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of colon Occludin,ZO-1,nuclear factor-κB p65(NF-κB p65),and caspase 3 protein.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the levels of serum IL-6,IL-1β,and TNF-α.Results Compared with those in group B,the body mass and colon length of mice in groups C1,C2,and C3 significantly increased(P＜0.05),while the DAI score and degree of colon injury in groups C1,C2,and C3 significantly decreased(P＜0.05),the expression levels of colon Occludin and ZO-1 proteins in groups C1,C2,and C3 significantly increased(P＜0.05),the levels of intestinal leakage,colon IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α,NF-κB p65,caspase 3 mRNA expression,and the contents of serum IL-6,IL-1β,and TNF-α in groups C1,C2,and C3 significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusion Ginseng polysaccharides can alleviate symptoms of DSS-induced UC related diseases,improve inflammatory responses in mice,and reduce the degree of colon tissue apoptosis.The mechanism might through the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway.
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