Determination of Five Elements in Three Native Chinese Medicinal Materials from Qianjiang District of Chongqing by ICP-MS and Risk Assessment
Objective To establish an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)method for determining the contents of lead(Pb),arsenic(As),mercury(Hg),cadmium(Cd)and copper(Cu)in the native Artemisiae Annuae Herba,Trichosanthis Fructus and Polygonati Rhizoma from the Qianjiang District of Chongqing,and to evaluate their health risks.Methods The microwave digestion method was used for sample pretreatment.The ICP-MS was used for determination;the power was 1 500 W,the detector voltage was-12 V,the simulated voltage was-1 787 V,the pulse voltage was 1 300 V,the carrier gas was high-purity argon(Ar)with a flow rate of 18 L/min,the auxiliary gas was Ar with a flow rate of 1.0 L/min,and the atomization gas was Ar with a flow rate of 0.96 L/min,the test mode was kinetic energy discrimination mode,and the collision gas was helium.The pollution degree was evaluated based on the over-standard rate,single-factor pollution index and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index.The health risks were evaluated based on the estimated daily intake(EDI),target hazard quotient(THQ)and total target hazard quotient(TTHQ).Results The linear ranges of Pb,As,Hg,Cd and Cu were 0-50 ng/mL,0-50ng/mL,0-5ng/mL,0-5ng/mL,0-1 000ng/mL(r>0.999)respectively.The limit of detection(LOD)was in the range of 0.000 50-0.007 0 mg/kg,and the limit of quantification(LOQ)was in the range of 0.001 7-0.023 mg/kg.The RSDs of precision and repeatability tests were all lower than 5.2%.The average recovery rates of five elements in three Chinese medicinal materials were in the range of 89.72%-108.22%with RSDs of 0.30%-3.91%(n=6).The over-standard elements in Artemisiae Annuae Herba included Cu(70.45%)and Cd(25.00%),with a total over-standard rate of 72.73%;the single-factor pollution index was evaluated as slight pollution,and the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index was evaluated as the warning line.The over-standard element in Polygonati Rhizoma was Cd(11.11%),and the above two indexes were evaluated as excellent and safe,respectively.The over-standard element in Trichosanthis Fructus was Hg(3.85%),and the above two indexes were evaluated as excellent and safe,respectively.The EDI of five heavy metals/harmful elements in three Chinese medicinal materials was lower than the provisional tolerable daily intake,the THQ and TTHQ were both lower than one.Conclusion There were varying degrees and categories of heavy metal/harmful element pollution in three Chinese medicinal materials.We should pay attention to this type of pollution in Chinese medicinal materials and adopt effective monitoring methods to control it.
native Chinese medicinal materialheavy metalharmful elementinductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometryhealth risk assessmentQianjiang District of Chongqing
万方数据
维普
