摘要
老年人共病是目前全球医疗关注的热点之一,也是当前老年医学面临的重要课题之一.共病与死亡率增加、致残率增加、功能状态下降和生活质量下降相关.老年人共病情况普遍存在.在临床实践中,对老年人共病的评估有助于从基于单一疾病的管理模式转向基于个人整体的管理模式,从疾病的治疗转向预防治疗一体化的管理理念,提高生命质量,改善预后.目前对共病的研究主要集中在共病的存在模式,我国最主要共病模式为心血管代谢性共病模式(包括糖尿病、缺血性心脏病、脑卒中和高血压).地域、年龄、性别、社会经济等因素影响共病的组成模式.目前我国关于老年共病的研究仍处于初步探索阶段,本研究就老年人共病概况、共病模式、不同因素对共病的影响、共病的管理策略等方面作一综述,旨在为老年共病研究和管理提供参考.
Abstract
The coexistence of multimorbidity among the elderly is currently one of the hot topics of global medical attention and an important issue facing geriatric medicine.Multimorbidity is associated with an increase in mortality rate,disability rate,decreased func-tional status,and decreased quality of life.The prevalence of multimorbidity among the elderly is widespread.In clinical practice,evalu-ating multimorbidity among the elderly can help doctors shift from a single disease based management model to an individual based man-agement model,and from disease treatment to an integrated management concept of prevention and treatment,which can improve quality of life and prognosis.At present,research on multimorbidity mainly focuses on the existence patterns of multimorbidity,as the combina-tion of diseases seems endless.The major comorbidity patterns in China are the metabolic comorbidity patterns(including diabetes,coro-nary artery disease,stroke,and hypertension).Factors such as geography,age,gender,and socio-economic factors have an impact on the composition pattern of multimorbidity.The research on multimorbidity in the elderly in China is still in the initial exploration stage.This study provides a review on the definition and overview of multimorbidity in the elderly,comorbidity patterns and common identifica-tion methods,the impact of different factors on multimorbidity,and management strategies for multimorbidity,to provide reference for the research and management of multimorbidity in the elderly.
基金项目
河北省科技计划项目(22377767D)
廊坊市科学技术研究与发展计划自筹经费项目(2022013009)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据