目的 探究医生对人工智能辅助诊疗系统(aided diagnosis and treatment system,ADTS)的采纳意愿及其影响因素,厘清ADTS推行的重要环节,进而提出优化技术、管理的建议.方法 在整合型技术接受使用模型的基础上添加感知风险、认知信任、法律监管等因素设计问卷,在预调研修正后对226份正式回收问卷数据进行信度和效度分析、假设检验、结构方程模型拟合,得到医生ADTS采纳意愿关系链模型.结果 绩效期望、认知信任、社会影响对医生的行为意愿产生直接正向影响,其中社会影响的作用效果最大;促成因素、法律监管等存在间接影响.研究还发现,使用过ADTS的医生在绩效期望、努力期望、学习适应性等多方面赋分较高.结论 落实ADTS应用应重视培训科普、建立运维体系、完善风险责任规制,需要多方合力.
Research on the Willingness of Doctors to Adopt Artificial Intelligence Aided Diagnosis and Treatment System Based on the UTAUT Model
Objective To explore the doctor's willingness to adopt artificial intelligence aided diagnosis and treatment system(ADTS)and its influencing factors,clarify the key links in the implementation of ADTS,and then propose suggestions for optimizing technology and management.Methods On the basis of UTAUT model,factors such as perceived risk,cognitive trust and legal supervision were added to design a questionnaire.After pre-investigation,226 officially recovered questionnaire data were analyzed for reliability and validity,hypothesis testing and SEM fitting,and the relationship chain model of doctors'ADTS adoption intention was obtained.Results Performance expectation,cognitive trust and social influence have a direct positive impact on doctors'willingness,among which social influence has the greatest effect.Facilitating conditions and legal supervision have indirect influence.It also found that doctors who have used ADTS have higher scores in various aspects such as performance expectations,effort expectations,and learning adaptability.Conclusion To implement the application of ADTS,attention should be paid to training,the software and hardware operation and maintenance system,and risk responsibility regulations should be improved,requiring joint efforts from multiple parties.
UTAUT modelartificial intelligenceaided diagnosis and treatment systemwillingness to adopt
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