Exosomes are a type of vesicles secreted by cells,containing various components such as nucleic acids,proteins,lipids,etc.They can fuse with bio-membranes and are involved in the transportation of cargos between cells.Since the discovery of their bioinformation transport function,the potential function of exosomes for drug delivery has gained increasing attention.As drug delivery carriers,exosomes have many advantages,such as low immunogenicity,minimal toxicity and side effects,ability to cross biological barriers,and the capability of being engineered for modification.This review first briefly summarizes the biogenesis,isolation and extraction,and drug loading methods of exosomes.Then,it introduces the recent research progress of exosomes as drug delivery carriers for various drugs,such as nucleic acids,proteins,peptides and small molecular chemicals.Finally,it discusses the challenges of exosome as a drug delivery system on the clinical application.
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