Ursane-type pentacyclic triterpenoids are an important class of triterpenoids with diverse pharmacological activities such as anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory,antibacterial,hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects.They have been used in medical and health care fields.Direct extraction from plants and chemical synthesis are their current production methods,limiting to the shortage of plant resources,low yields and high costs.In recent years,the modular engineering of metabolic pathways for target compounds by applying synthetic biology has provided a solution for their large-scale production.This review summarizes the recent research progress in the biosynthesis of ursane-type pentacyclic triterpenoids,including the biosynthesis of the ursane-type skeleton,key post-modifying enzymes and strategies for heterologous production via metabolic engineering,aiming to provide a reference for the efficient synthesis of these triterpenoids in the future.
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