Exploration on the mechanism of the combination of medicine and food homogeneous compound Qianggu Ning in the remission of postmenopausal osteoporosis based on the'gut-bone'axis
Objective:To explore the mechanism of Qianggu Ning(QGN)in relieving postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMOP)from the perspective of the'gut-bone'axis.Methods:The bilateral ovariectomized(OVX)method was used to simulate a PMOP model.Female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into sham surgery group(Sham group),ovariectomized group(OVX group),and QGN low,medium,and high dose group(QGN-L,QGN-M,QGN-G).After continuous gavage for 8 weeks,the femur,colon,and fresh feces of the mice were collected.Micro-CT was used to detect changes in femoral bone density in mice,Masson staining was used to observe changes in femoral bone microstructure and collagen fibers,ELISA was used to detect the expression levels of serum bone turnover factors and inflammatory factors in the colon,immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of Claudin-1,ZO-1,and Occludin in the colon,16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze changes in microbial species in feces,and CG-MS was used to detect the content of SCFAs in feces.Results:Compared with the Sham group,the OVX group mice showed a significant decrease in femoral bone density,sparse and fractured bone trabeculae,and an increase in bone turnover rate.The level of intestinal inflammation increases,the intestinal barrier is damaged,the diversity of intestinal microbiota shows a decreasing trend,and the content of SCFAs in feces decreases.Compared with the OVX group,QGN intervention significantly improved bone density and femoral bone microstructure in OVX mice,and reduced bone turnover rate.The level of intestinal inflammation decreased,the expression level of intestinal tight junction protein recovered,and the abundance of dominant bacterial genera such as g_Akkermansia,g-Paraacteroides,and g_Alistipes in the gut microbiota significantly increased(P＜0.05),while the abundance of g_Ruminococcus bacteria significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and the expression level of SCFAs increased.Conclusion:QGN can alleviate bone loss and associated intestinal inflammation and barrier damage in OVX mice,and its mechanism of action may be closely related to the regulation of changes in gut microbiota and SCFAs.
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