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论灸之补泻

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灸法功效核心在于补虚泻实,具体的补泻操作手法多样,总体而言,分为"补轻泻重""补重泻轻""气机出入论补泻".近代以来,结合"兴奋""抑制"神经的知识,灸法名家开始从"气机"转向"刺激量"论补泻.现代临床与动物研究都证明了"补轻泻重"的有效性,并进一步从热力学角度阐明补泻手法的实质.对于灸法补泻的内涵,笔者认为可以从"壮火""少火""象思维"等角度,结合现代神经"兴奋""抑制"等概念进行阐释.灸法补泻作用的发挥,取决于操作手法的刺激强度(灸法、艾炷大小、灸壮、灸距、灸次,灸时)、受术者所处的状态、选择的腧穴特性及临床证候等多方面因素.
Discussion on the reinforcing and reducing effects of moxibustion
The core of moxibustion efficacy lies in tonifying the deficiency and diarrhea,the moxibustion of tonification and diarrhea operation is diverse,in general,it is divided into'Light tonicity and heavy diarrhea''heavy tonicity and Light diarrhea''qi in and out of the tonification and diarrhea'.Since modern times,combined with the knowledge of'excitation'and'inhibition'of nerves,moxibustion masters began to shift from'qi'to'stimulation amount'.In modern times,clinical and animal studies have proved the effectiveness of'tonic and diarrhea',and further clarified the essence of tonic and diarrhea techniques from the thermodynamic point of view.For the connotation of moxibustion tonic and diarrhea,the author believes that it can be interpreted from the perspective of'strong fire','less fire''image thinking',etc.,combined with the modern concepts of nerve'excitation''inhibition'and so on.The effect of moxibustion depends on the intensity of stimulation(moxibustion,cone size,moxibustion,moxibustion distance,moxibustion,moxibustion times,moxibustion time),the state of the patient,the characteristics of the selected acupoints,and clinical symptoms and other factors.

MoxibustionTonicity and diarrheaLight tonicity and heavy diarrheaHeavy tonicity and light diarrheaQiStimulation amountMoxibustion effect

高兵、刘攀、李澜、宫甜甜、朱玲、马强、夏冉、李庆羚、王茎

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安徽中医药大学新安医学与中医药现代化研究所,合肥 230012

安徽中医药大学中医学院,合肥 230012

安徽中医药大学新安医学教育部重点实验室,合肥 230012

安徽中医药大学针灸推拿学院(康复医学院),合肥 230012

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灸法 补泻 补轻泻重 补重泻轻 气机 刺激量 灸效

国家自然科学基金面上项目安徽省教育厅重点项目安徽省教育厅重点项目大健康研究院新安医学与中医药现代化研究所专项安徽中医药大学科研项目自然重点项目

81574084KJ2021A05702023AH0507962023CXMMTCM0222021zrzd01

2024

中华中医药杂志
中华中医药学会

中华中医药杂志

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.135
ISSN：1673-1727
年,卷(期)：2024.39(5)