首页|汉代疫病视野下《乌程汉简》医方研究

汉代疫病视野下《乌程汉简》医方研究

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《乌程汉简》医学文献是浙江地区首次发现的出土医学材料,亦是汉代疫病视野下乌程地区因时因地因人的医学大发展的集中体现.汉代气候变迁,疫情卷席,《乌程汉简》亦有相关记述:信牍简177记载了乌程衙署医生吕广参与疫情防治;医药简270载有以攻下法治疗温病大便不通证的医案两则;医药简269载医方一首,推测可治疗"寒湿疫".依据传世医学文献对其拆方分析:一为温下方药,与《千金翼方》中所载"调中五参丸"相似,意在以通下法治疗瘟疫;二为痰饮咳喘方药,即《金匮要略》"十枣汤"与"己椒苈黄丸"之合方加减,提示"寒饮射肺,宣降失司"的肺部病机;三为风寒湿痹方药,体现了两汉气温骤降的时代气候特点及乌程地区湿邪为病的地域特征.
Study on the medical prescriptions of Wucheng Han Bamboo Slips from the perspective of epidemic in the Han dynasty
The medical literature Wucheng Han Bamboo Slips is the first excavated medical material discovered in Zhejiang region,and it is also a concentrated reflection of the great development of medicine in Wucheng region from the perspective of Han dynasty epidemics,which is based on time,location,and people.During the Han dynasty,climate change and the spread of the epidemic were recorded in the Wucheng Han Bamboo Slips,which also includes relevant records:the letter slip 177 recorded the participation of LYU Guang,a doctor from the Wucheng government,in the prevention and control of the epidemic.The medical journal 270 contained 2 medical records on the treatment of febrile diseases with fecal obstruction syndrome through the method of attacking the lower body.The medical journal 269 contained a medical prescription,which is speculated to be able to treat the'cold dampness epidemic'.Based on the analysis of the medical literature passed down from generation to generation,it is divided into three parts:firstly,it is a medicine for warming the lower body,similar to the'Tiaozhong Wushen Pills'mentioned in the Qianjin Yifang,intended to treat the plague with the method of clearing the lower body;The second is the prescription for phlegm and cough and asthma,which is the combination of'Shizao Decoction'and'Jijiao Lihuang Pills'in the Jingui Yaolue,with the addition or subtraction of the formula,indicating the lung disease mechanism of'cold drink attacking the lung,dispersing and droping loss control';The third is the prescription for wind cold dampness,which reflects the climatic characteristics of the sudden drop in temperature during the Han dynasty and the regional characteristics of dampness as a disease in the Wucheng region.

Wucheng Han Bamboo SlipsBamboo and silk medicinePlagueMedical prescriptionsQianjin Yifang

王启航、韩梓逸、熊益亮

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北京中医药大学国学院,北京 102488

《乌程汉简》 简帛医学 瘟疫 医方 《千金翼方》

国家社会科学基金项目

19VJX164

2024

中华中医药杂志
中华中医药学会

中华中医药杂志

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:1.135
ISSN:1673-1727
年,卷(期):2024.39(8)