Literature case analysis of pulmonary edema induced by hydrochlorothiazide
OBJECTIVE To explore the occurrences and characteristics of pulmonary edema induced by hydrochlorothiazide to provide references for clinical safe drug dosing.METHODS The case reports of pulmonary edema induced by hydrochlorothia-zide were retrieved from the databases of PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,Wanfang and VIP from inceptions until June 2023.Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted for patient profiles,dosing of hydrochlorothiazide,occurring time,clini-cal symptoms,treatments and outcomes of pulmonary edema.RESULTS A total of 41 cases from 34 articles were included.There were 6 males(14.6％),35 females(85.4％)and 21 cases(51.2％)aged ≥60 year.Pulmonary edema occurred immedi-ately after a single dose with 33(80.5％)within 60 min.Systemic organs were involved.Clinical manifestations were diverse and dyspnea(n=38,92.7％),hypotension(n=27,65.9％)and tachycardia(n=20,48.8％).Thirty-six patients(87.8％)had decent outcomes after discontinuation,respiratory supports,fluid management and glucocorticoids.CONCLUSION As a rare adverse reaction occurring immediately after a single dose of hydrochlorothiazide,pulmonary edema is more common in women and elders.It should be suspected for patients with dyspnea and hypotension.The prognosis is generally decent after timely discon-tinuation and adequate respiratory supports.
hydrochlorothiazidepulmonary edemaacute respiratory distress syndromeliterature case analysis
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