目的:探讨干扰素喷雾剂早期干预与支气管肺发育不良(broncho-pulmonary dysphasia，BPD)患儿自新生儿重症监护病房(neonatal intensive care unit，NICU)出院后2年内因患肺炎再住院率的相关性。方法:选取厦门大学附属中山医院2018年7月至2023年6月胎龄＜32周、出院诊断中度BPD的早产儿为研究对象。将采取干扰素喷雾剂早期干预的22例为观察组，早期干预时机为:①密接者出现明显呼吸道症状时;和/或②患儿出现咳嗽、鼻塞、咽部充血、发热任意一项时。未予早期干预的24例为对照组。统计2组自NICU出院后2年内因患肺炎再次住院的次数、单次住院时长、抗菌药物使用强度(antibiotics use density，AUD)。结果:对照组自NICU出院后2年内再次住院次数、单次住院时长、AUD均数分别为(6。13±1。54)次、(7。31±1。52)d、14。26±0。38，观察组再住院次数、单次住院时长、AUD均数分别为(4。00±1。38)次、(6。89±1。30)d、11。61±3。63。2组比较，P值分别为0。000、0。029及0。001，差异有统计学意义。结论:对于中度BPD患儿，早期予干扰素喷雾剂干预，能降低因肺炎再次住院次数，缩短单次住院时长，降低AUD，值得临床借鉴。
Early interferon spray intervention reduced pneumonia rehospitalization in preterm infants with moderate bronchopulmonary dysplasia:a 2-year follow-up study
OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation between early interferon spray intervention and rehospitalization rate due to pneumonia within the first 2 years after discharge from Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(NICU)among preterm infants diagnosed with broncho-pulmonary dysplasia(BPD).METHODS Preterm infants with a gestational age of＜32 weeks and a diagnosis of moderate BPD at discharge in Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital,Xiamen University,between July 2018 and June 2023 were recruited.The observation group consisted of 22 cases subjected to early interferon spray intervention,triggered either when close contacts displayed evident respiratory symptoms or when infants presented with symptoms such as cough,nasal congestion,pha-ryngeal congestion or fever.The control group comprised 24 cases without early intervention.The study compared the frequency of rehospitalization,duration of each hospitalization and antibiotics use density(AUD)within the initial 2 years post-NICU dis-charge between two groups.RESULTS In control group,mean frequency of rehospitalization,hospitalization stay and AUD were(6.13±1.54)times,(7.31±1.52)days and 14.26±0.38 vs.(4.00±1.38)times,(6.89±1.30)days,and 11.61±3.63 in observation group.The inter-group differences were statistically significant with P-values of 0.000,0.029 and 0.001.CONCLUSION In infants with moderate BPD,early interferon spray intervention is associated with a lower rehospitalization rate due to pneumonia,shorter hospitalization stay and lower AUD.These findings offer valuable clinical insights.
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