Enhanced antibacterial effect and mechanism of Sanguisorbae Radix after carbonization against Tricho-phyton rubrum
OBJECTIVE To explore the scientific connotation of synergistic effect of Sanguisorbae Radix(SR)after carbon-izing by stir-frying(CSF)based upon anti-Trichophyton rubrum efficacy from material basis transformation and antibacterial mechanism.METHODS The anti-T.rubrum efficacy of raw and processed products of SR was examined and minimal inhibitory concentration utilized as an evaluation index.Changes in material basis of processing efficiency were explored by selecting seven components with significant changes in content before and after charring and evaluating their antibacterial efficacies.Besides,1,3-β-D-glucan content determination and cell leakage experiment were utilized for evaluating the damage of cell wall and cell mem-brane of T.rubrum before and after charring of SR.The antibacterial mechanism was discussed along with the observation results of scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)on external and internal microscopic mor-phologies of mycelia.Finally the safety of external use of carbonized SR was confirmed by cytotoxicity assays.RESULTS The anti-T.rubrum effect of SR after CSF was more pronounced.And the core of synergistic effect of processing lied in that total con-tent of effective substances,including gallic acid,methyl gallate,pyrogallic acid,ellagic acid and protocatechuic aldehyde(MIC≤128 μg·mL-1)spiked to 454.74％while content of non-effective substance catechins(MIC=512 μg·mL-1)declined to 4.36％.Meanwhile,destruction of cell membrane was the common antibacterial mechanism of SR and carbonized SR while the interfer-ence of cell wall integrity(significantly inhibiting the expression of β-(1,3)-D-glucan)was only dectected in carbonized SR.The results of SEM/TEM indicated that,as compared with SR,carbonized SR could more significantly cause mycelial contraction,a disappearance of hyphal septum and induce abnormal internal morphology of T.rubrum,including severe swelling and deforma-tion of organelles and disappearance of hyphal septum.CONCLUSION The application of carbonized SR is more effective and safer for dermatophytosis.
Sanguisorbae Radixcarbonizing by stir-fryingprocessingTrichophyton rubrumdermatophytes
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