The core of Chinese culture is benevolence,which establishes the principles of interpersonal relationships based on the concepts of bestowing kindness and repaying kindness.This has given rise to ethical categories such as filial piety in repaying parents'kindness and loyalty in repaying the kindness of the ruler and the country.Confucianism represents the benevolence culture in China,while Legalism opposes and reacts against the benevolence culture.Legalism,with its system of rewards and punishments,excludes the concept of benevolence,challenging the ethical-political system featuring the commensurability of family and state.The rise of Legalism resulted in the destruction of benevolence culture,leading to the unified empire of the Qin Dynasty.The Han Dynasty altered this pattern,allowing benevolence culture to regain dominance,though Legalism was also preserved to some extent,forming a cultural system of the convergence of Confucianism and Legalism.Scholars like Tan Sitong and Liang Qichao argue that the political culture of post-Han Dynasty can be seen as Qin's politics.While this assertion may seem to downplay the role of virtuous governance,it also reveals the factual continuity of Legalist political and institutional ideas in Chinese political culture after the Qin Dynasty.
关键词
恩德文化/中国文化/法家/儒法合流
Key words
benevolence culture/Chinese culture/Legalism/convergence of Confucianism and Legalism
维普
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