Impact and mechanisms of neutrophils in liver cirrhosis related portal vein thrombosis
Liver cirrhosis is a severe global public health issue,with portal vein thrombosis(PVT)being one of its major complications.PVT significantly impacts patient prognosis.Recent studies have demonstrated that neutrophils and their released neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)play a crucial role in the development and pro-gression of PVT.NETs accelerate thrombosis by promoting coagulation factor activation,platelet aggregation,and fibrin deposition while enhancing thrombus stability,thereby increasing the difficulty of thrombolytic therapy.Additionally,interferon,by inducing neutrophil activation and NETs formation,may exert dual effects on PVT.This article systematically summarizes the mechanisms by which neutrophils and NETs contribute to the forma-tion of cirrhosis-related PVT,including their regulation of coagulation systems,vascular endothelial functions,and fibrin network dynamics.Furthermore,potential therapeutic strategies targeting NETs,such as DNase deg-radation,anti-inflammatory treatments,and combined anticoagulant therapies,are discussed.Based on current clinical and experimental findings,this article proposes personalized therapeutic approaches targeting NETs and neutrophil activity,providing new perspectives for optimizing the diagnosis and treatment of cirrhosis-related PVT.
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