Study on evacuation risk of subway station staircases considering flood invasion
In order to enhance the ability of metro stations to cope with flood disasters and the resilience of staircase design,based on the modified k-e model and flood evacuation risk assessment model,a series of numerical simulation scenarios of flood invasion on the staircases in metro station were developed.Then,the influence of staircase setting,staircase inclination and flood depth on the flood evacuation risk was quantitatively analyzed.The results show that under the same inclination(23.2°)and invasion flood depth(0.3 m),the flood velocity is faster and the water depth is more stable on the slope com-pared to the retardation effect of staircase step on flood,but the slope has higher flood evacuation risk.The flood evacuation risk is positively correlated with the staircase inclination,and with the decrease of staircase step,the evacuation risk presents the characteristics of"fast before and slow after".The slope has a more uniform marginal effect on the evacuation risk,and the wide step setting is more conducive to alleviate the evacuation risk.The greater the water depth at the entrance to the up-per platform of staircase,the higher the flood evacuation risk.The flood and the water accumulation on the lower platform tend to produce a hydraulic jump phenomenon,leading to the sharp increase and concussed attenuation of the flood evacuation risk.The research results can provide theoretical guidance and management enlightenment for the scientific formulation of flood evacuation plan and staircase design in subway stations.
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