Efficacy and Mechanism of Tortoise Shell Glue on Bone Metabolism in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Rats
Objective:To observe the efficacy of tortoise shell glue on energy metabolism and bone metabolism homeostasis in postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMOP)rats,as well as its regulatory efficacy on the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway.Methods:60 female SD rats were randomly divided into a sham surgery group,a model group,a positive control group,a high,medi-um and low dose group of tortoise shell glue,with 10 rats in each group.In addition to the sham surgery group,the other rats used bilateral ovariectomy to duplicate the PMOP model.Nilestriol tablets were used as a positive control drug,1 mg/kg of nilestriol tablets were administered by gavage once a day after the completion of modeling.The low,medi-um,and high dose groups of tortoise shell glue were given 0.45,0.90,1.80 g/kg by gavage twice a day for 8 weeks.The weight of the rat uterus was weighed and the uterine index was calculated.Dual energy X-ray bone mineral density(BMD)instrument was used to measure the BMD of L4/5 and bilateral femurs.Bone morphometric parameters were analyzed by micro CT.The serum levels of osteocalcin(BGP),bone alkaline phosphatase(BALP),anti tartaric acid phosphatase 5b(TRACP-5b),and type Ⅰ collagen cross-linked carboxyl terminal peptide(CTX-Ⅰ)were detected by ELISA.Western Blot and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression of AMPK/SIRT1 pathway related proteins and mRNA in bone tissue.Results:The uterine index,L4/5 and bilateral femoral BMD in the model group were significantly lower compared with the sham surgery group(P＜0.05).The bone metrology parameters,bone volume fraction(BV/TV),trabecular number(Tb.N),trabecular thickness(Tb.Th),decreased signifi-cantly,and trabecular septa(Tb.Sp)were increased significantly(P＜0.05).The levels of BGP,BALP,TRACP-5b and CTX-Ⅰ in serum were significantly increased(P＜0.05).The protein levels of p-AMPK/AMPK,SIRT1,PGC1-α and the mRNA levels of AMPK,SIRT1,PGC1-α in bone tissue were significant reduced(P＜0.05).The uterine index,L4/5 and bilateral femoral BMD were significantly increased compared to the model group after treatment with high,medium,and low doses of tortoise shell glue(P＜0.05).BV/TV,Tb.N,Tb.Th were significantly increased,while Tb.Sp was signifi-cantly decreased(P＜0.05).The levels of BGP,BALP,TRACP-5b and CTX-Ⅰ in serum were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The protein levels of p-AMPK/AMPK,SIRT1,PGC1-α and the mRNA levels of AMPK,SIRT1,PGC1-α in bone tissue were simultaneously significantly upregulated(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Tortoise shell glue has a good improvement efficacy on PMOP rats,which can protect the bone microstructure and regulate bone metabolism levels,its mechanism of action may be related to activating the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway and improving skeletal muscle energy metabolism.
postmenopausal osteoporosistortoise shell gluebone mineral densitybone metabolism
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