The Mechanism and Application Progress of Exosomes in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Exosomes as small vesicles released by cells into the extracellular space,are natural transport carriers for inter-cellular communication and material presentation.It contains many biologically active substances from secretory cells,in-cluding various types of ribonucleic acids,proteins,lipids,transcription factors,and cytokine receptors.With the deepening of the research on exosomes and their inclusions,it is found that exosomes can regulate the microenvironment of articular cavity by affecting the survival and function of chondrocytes,osteoclasts and osteoblasts,and play an important role in the repair and remodeling of osteoarthritis cartilage and subchondral bone,showing great therapeutic potential.This article mainly discusses the mechanism of exosomes in the regeneration and repair of articular cartilage and the metabolic balance of subchondral bone from the aspects of regulating the proliferation,differentiation,metabolism,programmed cell death of chondrocytes,affecting the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in subchondral bone.
exosomeosteoarthritisarticular cartilagechondrocytesubchondral bone
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