Efficacy of Galangin on Cartilage Damage in Rats with Knee Osteoarthritis
Objective:To investigate the efficacy of galangin(GAL)on cartilage damage and receptor-interacting protein 1(RIP1)/receptor-interacting protein 3(RIP3)/mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein(MLKL)signaling pathway in knee osteoarthritis(KOA)rats.Methods:A rat model of KOA was established,and the rats were separated into control group,model group(KOA group),low and high dose galangin groups(GAL-L,GAL-H groups),Nec-1 group,and cele-coxib group(Cel group).The degree of knee joint swelling was measured.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was applied to observe the pathological damage of knee joint cartilage.ELISA kits were applied to detect levels of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),intcrlcukin-1β(IL-1β),and interleukin-17(IL-17).Immunohistochemistry was applied to detect matrix metalloproteinase-13(MMP-13)and collagen Ⅱ.Immunoblotting was applied to detect the expression of RIP1,p-RIP1,RIP3,p-RIP3,MLKL,and p-MLKL proteins.Results:The knee joint cartilage tissue structure of the KOA group was severely damaged,the degree of knee joint swelling was severe,the Mankin's score and expression levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-17,MMP-13,p-RIP1/RIP1,p-RIP3/RIP3,and p-MLKL/MLKL increased,the expression of Collagen Ⅱ decreased compared with the control group(P＜0.05).The knee joint cartilage tissue damage in the GAL-L,GAL-H,Nec-1,and Cel groups was reduced,the degree of knee joint swelling decreased,the Mankin's score and expres-sion levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-17,MMP-13,p-RIP1/RIP1,p-RIP3/RIP3,and p-MLKL/MLKL decreased,the expression of Collagen Ⅱ increased compared with the KOA group(P＜0.05).The various indicators were not statistically signifi-cantly different among the GAL-H group,Nec-1 group,and Cel group(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Galangin can alleviate inflammation and improve cartilage damage in KOA by inhibiting the RIP1/RIP3/MLKL signaling pathway.
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