Experimental Study on the Establishment of Traumatic Synovitis of Knee Joint Model in Rabbits Using Papain Combined with Electrical Stimulation
Objective:To investigate the method of establishing an animal model of traumatic synovitis of knee joint(TSKJ)by papain combined with electrical stimulation.Methods:12 New Zealand rabbits were randomly di-vided into a normal group and a model group,with 6 rabbits in each group.Starting from day 1 of the modeling ex-periment,0.1 mL of a 4％papain aqueous solution was injected into the right hindlimb joint cavity of the rabbits in the model group on days 1,4,and 7.From day 8,the rabbits in the model group were placed in a supine posi-tion under anesthesia,and electrical stimulation needles were inserted into the rectus femoris muscle of the right hindlimb.The positive electrode was directly inserted into the midpoint of the rectus femoris,and the negative elec-trode needle was inserted near the proximal insertion point of the muscle,connected to the stimulator of the BL-420S biological information acquisition system.Parameters were adjusted,and under the automatic train stimula-tion mode,the muscles were passively stretched to repeatedly flex and extend the knee joint for 7 more days to continue the modeling process.The contralateral limb was only needled without electrical stimulation,with the pro-cedure performed once daily for 2 h each time.After the modeling process,behavioral observations were first con-ducted on each group using the Lequesne MG score.The degree of knee joint swelling was measured using a verni-er caliper,and the skin temperature of the right knee joint of the rabbits was measured using an infrared thermome-ter.The muscle tension,elasticity,and hardness of the rectus femoris were detected using a digital palpation device(Myoton Pro).The serum levels of interleukin-1 β(IL-1 β),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and substance P(SP)were detected using the ELISA method.The histopathological condition of the synovial tissue was observed using the hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining method.Results:Comparisons of the Lequesne MG scores,skin temper-ature around the knee joint,circumference,and serum levels of IL-1β,TNF-α,SP,as well as the muscle tension,elasticity,and hardness of the quadriceps muscle in the right hindlimb of the rabbits between the two groups showed statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The histopathological results of the synovial tissue indicated inflammatory changes.Conclusion:The successful establishment of a TSKJ model in rabbit was achieved using a combination of papain and electrical stimulation.
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