首页|药用植物资源多糖类成分相对分子质量与其功效关联性的分析与展望

药用植物资源多糖类成分相对分子质量与其功效关联性的分析与展望

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药用植物多糖是从药用植物中提取得到的一种高分子多聚物。从结构上看，它是由不同单糖以糖苷键形式连接形成的复杂长链，一般具有直链和支链结构，且相对分子质量变化幅度较大。现代研究显示，药用植物资源多糖类成分的生物活性与其相对分子质量大小密切相关。该研究梳理了不同相对分子质量药用植物资源多糖类成分的制备途径和检测方法，总结并分析了不同相对分子质量药用植物多糖功效与其相对分子质量关联性的一般经验。作者认为高相对分子质量多糖(＞100 kDa)主要在免疫调节方面起主导作用;中等相对分子质量多糖(10～100 kDa)在免疫调节、保护肝脏等方面起主导作用;低相对分子质量多糖(＜10 kDa)在抗氧化、调节肠道菌群、调节血糖血脂、抗疲劳、保护神经等方面起主导作用。因此，以相对分子质量为依据精细开发药用植物多糖，有望提高其生物活性与应用价值。
Analysis and prospect of correlation between relative molecular weight and efficacy of polysaccharides from medicinal plant resources
Polysaccharides from medicinal plant resources are a kind of polymers extracted from medicinal plants.They are com-plex long chains formed by different monosaccharides connected via glucosidic bonds.These polysaccharides usually have straight chain and branched chain structures,and their relative molecular weight changes greatly.Modern studies have shown that the biological activi-ty of polysaccharides from medicinal plant resources is closely related to their relative molecular weight.This paper first reviewed the preparation and detection methods of polysaccharides from medicinal plant resources with different relative molecular weights.Then,the paper summarized and analyzed the general experience of the correlation between efficacy and relative molecular weight of polysac-charides from medicinal plant resources with different molecular weights.It was considered that polysaccharides with large relative mo-lecular weights(＞100 kDa)play a leading role in immune regulation.Polysaccharides with medium relative molecular weights(10-100 kDa)play a leading role in immune regulation and the protection of the liver.Polysaccharides with small relative molecular weights(＜10 kDa)play a leading role in anti-oxidation,regulation of intestinal flora,regulation of blood glucose and lipids,anti-fatigue,and the protection of nerves.Therefore,precise development of polysaccharides from medicinal plant resources based on relative molecular weight is expected to improve their biological activity and application value.

medicinal plant resourcespolysaccharidesrelative molecular weightefficacycorrelation

姚安妮、汤燕、罗大英、李张涵、杨正兰、王珺姝、包纯洁、段嘉伦

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南京中医药大学中药资源产业化与方剂创新药物国家地方联合工程中心,江苏省中药资源产业化过程协同创新中心,江苏省方剂高技术研究重点实验室,江苏南京 210023

南京中医院大学医学院·整合医学学院,江苏南京 210023

药用植物资源 多糖 相对分子质量 功效 关联性

江苏省自然科学基金青年基金江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究面上项目江苏省高等学校大学生创新训练重点项目国家中医药局高水平中医药重点学科建设项目

BK2023046223KJB360010202310315053Zzyyzdxk-2023083

2024

10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20231221.601

中国中药杂志
中国药学会

中国中药杂志

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.718
ISSN：1001-5302
年,卷(期)：2024.49(5)
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