Intervention mechanism of ginsenoside Rb1 on liver steatosis in db/db obese mice based on TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway
Based on the Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)/nuclear factor kappaB(NF-κB)signaling pathway,this study observed the regulatory effect of ginsenoside Rb 1(Rb 1)on liver lipid metabolism in db/db obese mice and explored its potential mechanism.Thirty 6-week-old male db/db mice were randomly divided into a model group,a metformin group,and Rb1 groups with low,medium,and high doses,with six mice in each group.Additionally,six age-matched male db/m mice were assigned to the normal group.The intervention lasted for five weeks.Body weight,fasting blood glucose,and food intake were mea-sured weekly.At the end of the experiment,serum lipid levels and liver function were detected.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and oil red O staining were performed to observe pathological changes in liver tissue.Real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry on paraffin sections were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of TLR4,MyD88,and NF-κB p65.Results showed that compared with the normal group,the model group exhibited significant increases in body weight,liver weight,liver index,epididymal fat mass,epididymal fat index,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,liver function parameters,and fasting blood glu-cose levels.Liver lipid accumulation significantly increased,along with elevated mRNA and protein expression of TLR4,MyD88,and NF-κB p65 in the liver.After Rb1 treatment,the above-mentioned parameters in the intervention groups showed significant reversals.In conclusion,Rb1 can improve obesity and obesity-related hepatic steatosis in mice while regulating abnormal lipid and glucose meta-bolism.Mechanistically,Rb1may improve liver steatosis in db/db obese mice by modulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling path-way.
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