Currently,reperfusion therapy targeting the ischemic penumbra is the preferred treatment for acute ischemic stroke.The continuous advancements in neuroimaging techniques for the ischemic penumbra have provided more evidence for reperfusion therapy based on tissue window.This review summarized the significant progress of the ischemic penumbra over the past 50 years,focused on the current neuroimaging assessment methods of ischemic penumbra,including the widely used ischemic hypoperfusion-infarct core or clinical symptom-infarct core mismatch and emerging techniques such as multiphase CTA,ASL,etc.Additionally,this paper compared 5 mainstream automatic post-processing software of image in the market,aiming to provide reference for clinical reperfusion diagnosis and treatment.