目的 探讨基于超声影像组学联合临床病理学特征预测乳腺癌患者肿瘤增殖细胞核抗原67(Ki-67)表达状态的可行性。 方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2022年2月在南京医科大学附属常州第二人民医院接受二维超声和Ki-67检查的乳腺癌患者。其中来自城中院区的427例患者按照8∶2的比例随机划分为训练集和验证集，来自阳湖院区的229例患者作为独立的外部测试集。从二维超声图像的感兴趣区域提取影像组学特征，采用Mann-Whitney U检验、递归特征消除以及最小绝对收缩和选择算子进行特征降维并建立影像组学评分(Rad-score)。随后，采用单/多因素逻辑回归分析，根据Rad-score和临床病理学特征构建联合预测模型。使用ROC曲线下面积(AUC)、校准曲线和决策曲线分析以评估模型性能和实用性。 结果 联合模型在训练、验证和测试集中预测乳腺癌Ki-67表达状态的AUC分别为0.858、0.797、0.802，均优于影像组学(0.772、0.731、0.713)和临床模型(0.738、0.750、0.707)。校准曲线和决策曲线分析表明联合模型具有良好的校准度和临床价值。 结论 基于超声影像组学和临床病理学特征的联合模型能够有效预测乳腺癌Ki-67表达状态，有望成为Ki-67检测的非侵入性工具，并为临床医生提供重要的辅助诊断和治疗决策依据。 Objective To investigate the prediction of the tumor proliferation antigen(Ki-67) expression status in breast cancer patients based on ultrasound radiomics combined with clinicopathologic features. Methods Breast cancer patients who underwent 2D ultrasound and Ki-67 examination from January 2018 to February 2022 in Changzhou Second People′s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 427 patients from Chengzhong campus were randomly divided into training and validation sets in the ratio of 8∶2, and 229 patients from Yanghu campus were used as an independent external test set. Radiomics features were extracted from the region of interest of 2D ultrasound images, and the Mann-Whitney U test, recursive feature elimination, and minimum absolute shrinkage and selection operators were used to perform feature dimensionality reduction and to establish a radiomics score(Rad-score). Subsequently, single/multifactor logistic regression regression analyses were used to construct a joint prediction model based on Rad-score and clinicopathological features. Model performance and utility were assessed using the subject operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analyses. Results The AUCs of the joint model for predicting Ki-67 expression status in breast cancer in the training, validation, and test sets were 0.858, 0.797, and 0.802, respectively, which were superior to those of the radiomics (0.772, 0.731, and 0.713) and clinical models (0.738, 0.750, and 0.707). Calibration curve and decision curve analyses indicated that the joint model had good calibration and clinical value. Conclusions A joint model based on ultrasound radiomics and clinicopathological features can effectively predict the Ki-67 expression status of breast cancer, which is expected to become a non-invasive tool for Ki-67 detection and provide clinicians with an important auxiliary diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making basis.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the prediction of the tumor proliferation antigen(Ki-67) expression status in breast cancer patients based on ultrasound radiomics combined with clinicopathologic features. Methods Breast cancer patients who underwent 2D ultrasound and Ki-67 examination from January 2018 to February 2022 in Changzhou Second People′s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 427 patients from Chengzhong campus were randomly divided into training and validation sets in the ratio of 8∶2, and 229 patients from Yanghu campus were used as an independent external test set. Radiomics features were extracted from the region of interest of 2D ultrasound images, and the Mann-Whitney U test, recursive feature elimination, and minimum absolute shrinkage and selection operators were used to perform feature dimensionality reduction and to establish a radiomics score(Rad-score). Subsequently, single/multifactor logistic regression regression analyses were used to construct a joint prediction model based on Rad-score and clinicopathological features. Model performance and utility were assessed using the subject operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analyses. Results The AUCs of the joint model for predicting Ki-67 expression status in breast cancer in the training, validation, and test sets were 0.858, 0.797, and 0.802, respectively, which were superior to those of the radiomics (0.772, 0.731, and 0.713) and clinical models (0.738, 0.750, and 0.707). Calibration curve and decision curve analyses indicated that the joint model had good calibration and clinical value. Conclusions A joint model based on ultrasound radiomics and clinicopathological features can effectively predict the Ki-67 expression status of breast cancer, which is expected to become a non-invasive tool for Ki-67 detection and provide clinicians with an important auxiliary diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making basis.
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