Advances in research on neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors for locally advanced rectal cancer
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(nCRT)followed by total mesorectal excision(TME)and adjuvant chemotherapy serves as a traditional standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer(LARC).However,such treatment suffers low pathological complete response(pCR)rates,which are merely less than 15％,and low anal-preservation rates,failing to meet the demand of patients for high quality of life.Recently,total neoadjuvant therapy(TNT)whereby postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is performed preoperatively has further increased the pCR rate,gradually becoming a novel therapeutic approach.Nevertheless,the pCR rate of TNT remains below 30％.Presently,immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)have been proved to be highly successful in treating various solid tumors,yet they are scarcely employed to treat LARC.In recent years,many clinical trials have been conducted to explore the application of nCRT combined with ICIs in the treatment of LARC.This paper reviews the advances in research on this therapy.
Locally advanced rectal cancerImmune checkpoint inhibitorsNeoadjuvant chemoradiotherapyAdvances in research
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