Radiotherapy serves as an effective means in the clinical treatment of renal cell carcinoma(RCC).Radiation resistance,denoting the decreased sensitivity of cancer cells to ionizing radiation during radiotherapy,is a common problem in tumor radiotherapy that is closely associated with the occurrence of adverse outcomes like tumor metastasis and recurrence.Focusing on RCC's radiotherapy resistance,this study elucidated the radiation resistance mechanisms of RCC cells in terms of DNA damage repair,cell cycle arrest,activation of the anti-apoptotic pathway,autophagy,and cancer stem cells.Moreover,it summarized the radiosensitizers currently used in RCC radiotherapy.This study aims to provide a novel approach for the mechanism study of RCC radiotherapy resistance,the improvement of radiotherapy strategies,and the innovative research and development of drugs.
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