Clinical efficacy and influencing factors analysis of hyperbaric oxygen combined with steroids in the treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and influencing factors of hyperbaric oxygen combined with steroids in the treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss(idiopathic sudden deafness).Methods A total of 84 patients with idiopathic sudden deafness admitted to the hyperbaric oxygen department of Shenmu Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects.They were randomly divided into groups of A,B,C,and D using the random number table method,with 21 patients in each group.Group A received intravenous infusion of dexamethasone acetate,Group B received intravenous infusion of dexamethasone acetate+hyperbaric oxygen therapy,Group C received intravenous infusion of dexamethasone acetate+intratympanic injection of dexamethasone disodium phosphate,and Group D received intravenous infusion of dexamethasone acetate+intratympanic injection of dexamethasone disodium phosphate+hyperbaric oxygen therapy.The clinical efficacies were compared;one-way ANOVA was performed on clinical data of idiopathic sudden deafness patients in the effective treatment group(n=67)and the ineffective treatment group(n=17).Upon admission,the air-conduction hearing threshold values at 500,1 000,2 000,and 4 000 Hz were measured using a Melison pure-tone audiometer as the initial mean pure-tone audiometry(PTA).Fourteen days after treatment,the PTA value was measured again,and the hearing gain was calculated.Results After 14 days of treatment,the results of one-way ANOVA showed that the clinical efficacy of the patients in the two groups was related to age,the time from onset to the start of treatment,the degree of hearing loss,diabetes,and symptoms such as tinnitus,dizziness,and sleep disorders(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);however,it was not related to gender,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,or whether hyperbaric oxygen therapy was used(P＞0.05).When the PTA value is between 80-89 dB and＞100 dB,there was no statistically significant difference in the hearing gain after hyperbaric oxygen therapy(P＞0.05);however,when the PTA value is 90-99 dB,there was a statistically significant difference in the hearing gain after hyperbaric oxygen therapy(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion The clinical efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen combined with steroids in the treatment of idiopathic sudden deafness is not significantly different from that of steroid therapy alone.However,in the patients with idiopathic sudden deafness with an initial PTA threshold of 90-99 dB,there is a significant hearing gain,which can effectively improve the patient's hearing.
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