摘要
目的：研究比较正常壮语儿童及不完全性腭裂、单侧完全性腭裂、双侧完全性腭裂壮语儿童的单发元音/a/、/i/、/w/的能量衰减指数：鼻腔共振指数（nasal resonance index，NRI）及VLHR（voice low tone to high tone ratio），探讨能够反映壮语不同腭裂类型过高鼻音特点的观察指标。方法应用Praat语音分析软件对15名壮语健康儿童及35例壮语腭裂儿童的语音进行声学分析。结果元音/i/的鼻腔共振指数与鼻音判听分数呈高度正相关(r＝0.79，P＜0.001）；元音/a/的鼻腔共振指数与鼻音判听分数呈中度负相关，相关系数（r＝-0.69，P＜0.05）；元音/w/的鼻腔共振指数与鼻音判听分数呈低度负相关，相关系数（r＝-0.36，P＜0.05）。元音/i/的 VLHR 与过高鼻音程度呈低度正相关（r＝0.42，P＜0.05）。而元音/a/、/w/的VLHR与过高鼻音程度的相关性无统计学意义。结论鼻化元音的频谱特点与正常元音相比有明显不同，鼻腔共振指数能够有效的反映鼻化语音的声学特征，尤其是元音/i/、/a/可以作为客观评价的敏感音素。而VLHR不能有效反映鼻化元音的声学特征，因此还不能将其作为客观评价的指标。
Abstract
Objective To compare two quantitative spectral analysis measures of nasality in children with cleft lip and palate and healthy controls of Zhuang nationality by using perceptual assessment, then gives a method of determining objective evaluation criteria for the nasality in different cleft types. Methods The results of voice acoustic analysis were got by using the phonetic software-Praat. Results Spearman correlation coefficients indicated a high positive correlation between NRI-i and ratings of nasality with a coefficient of correlation 0.79;NRI-a and listener judgements -0.69;NRI-w and listener judgements -0.36;VLHR-I and listener judgements 0.42;there were no difference between the measure of VLHR-a, VLHR-w and listener judgements. Conclusions There are some obvious different of frequency spectrum characteristics of nasalized vowels compared to oral vowels, nasal resonance index(NRI) can effectively reflect the acoustic features of nasalized vowels, especially NRI-I and NRI-a can be used as a new objective evaluation indicator of hypernasality.However,contrary result is observed for VLHR.
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