摘要
目的:探讨儿童孤立性镜下血尿的常见病因和处理措施。方法:纳入2014年1月1日至2018年12月31日北京大学第一医院儿科诊断明确的孤立性镜下血尿患儿，分析其临床特点和病因构成。结果:5年间纳入研究孤立性镜下血尿患儿共320例，病因以肾小球疾病为主（86.25%，276/320），包括薄基底膜肾病、紫癜性肾炎、感染后肾小球肾炎和Alport综合征；非肾小球疾病少见（13.75%，44/320），包括高钙尿症/肾结石、左肾静脉扩张综合征、热性/运动性血尿、自身免疫性疾病、外伤和高血压。在所有病因中，以薄基底膜肾病最为常见，共199例（62.19%）。结论:儿童孤立性镜下血尿最常见的病因是薄基底膜肾病，总体预后好，临床应该以定期随访和监测为主，避免过度检查和治疗。
Abstract
Objective:To explore the etiology of childhood isolated microscopic hematuria in China.Methods:Children with isolated microscopic hematuria diagnosed at our hospital from January 2014 to December 2018 were studied retrospectively to summary their clinical characteristics and final diagnosis.Results:There were 320 cases of isolated microscopic hematuria. The major (86.25%, 276/320) causes were glomerular diseases, including thin basement membrane nephropathy, purpura nephritis, post-infectious glomerulonephritis and Alport syndrome, while the minor (13.75%, 44/320) causes were non-glomerular diseases, including hypercalciuria or renalcalculus, left renal vein entrapment syndrome, febrile or exercise hematuria, and autoimmune disease. Thin basement membrane nephropathy is the most common cause (62.19%).Conclusion:Thin basement membrane nephropathy is the main cause of childhood isolated microscopic hematuria in China. The overall prognosis is good. Long-term follow-up and surveillance are more important and necessary than excessive examinations and treatments.
基金项目
2021年健康宁夏行动建设项目(2021-NW-092)
万方数据