Association of serum PECAM-1 and Sirt1 levels with carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients
Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1) and silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1 (Sirt1) levels and carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods:A total of 165 patients with T2DM admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to February 2022 (T2DM group) were selected and divided into either a CAS group (48 cases) or a non-CAS group (117 cases) according to the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and 61 healthy individuals who underwent physical examination ring the same period were selected as a control group. Serum PECAM-1 and Sirt1 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared between the T2DM group and the control group. Multi-factor logistic regression was used to identify the factors influencing CAS in T2DM patients. The clinical value of serum PECAM-1 and Sirt1 levels in predicting CAS in T2DM patients was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results:Compared with the control group, serum PECAM-1 level was higher and Sirt1 level was lower in the T2DM group (P＜0.05). Serum PECAM-1 levels were positively correlated with CIMT and Sirt1 levels were negatively correlated with CIMT in T2DM patients (rs=0.789 and -0.785, respectively; P＜0.001 for both). The duration of T2DM (odds ratio [OR]=1.483, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.090~2.017), smoking (OR=1.408, 95% CI: 1.054~1.881), glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (OR=2.900, 95% CI: 1.324~6.350), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (OR=1.474, 95% CI: 1.182~1.838), and PECAM-1 (OR=1.540, 95% CI: 1.191~1.990) were independent risk factors for CAS in patients with T2DM, and Sirt1 (OR=0.397, 95% CI: 0.256~0.617) was an independent protective factor (P＜0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) values of serum PECAM-1 and Sirt1 levels alone and in combination to predict CAS in T2DM patients were 0.795, 0.797, and 0.893, respectively, and the AUC of serum PECAM-1 and Sirt1 levels in combination to predict CAS in T2DM patients was greater than that of either of them alone (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Increased serum PECAM-1 levels and decreased Sirt1 levels in T2DM patients are independent influencing factors for the occurrence of CAS and can be used as an auxiliary predictor of CAS in T2DM patients.
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