摘要
二甲双胍是当今世界上最常用的口服降糖药物。然而，随着对此药的不断研究，发现二甲双胍有诸多潜在的有益作用，该药作为降糖药可通过多种途径降血糖，还能够改变肠道菌群及其代谢产物、抗炎、改善心血管疾病、抗癌、治疗多囊卵巢综合症（poly cystic ovarian syndrome，PCOS）、改善阿尔茨海默病（alzheimer disease，AD）、减重等。随着越来越多高质量研究证据的出现，二甲双胍的临床应用变得更加广泛。本文通过梳理文献详细介绍了二甲双胍当前的研究进展，尤其是对于肠道的影响，还介绍了二甲双胍常见的不良反应及潜在机制，为临床工作者及科研人员提供借鉴。
Abstract
Metformin is currently the most commonly used oral hypoglycemic drug in the world. As research continues on this drug, metformin has been found to have a number of other potential benefits. Metformin can not only be used to lower blood sugar via multiple mechanisms, but it can also alter the intestinal flora and its metabolites, exert anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects, improve cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease (AD), promote weight loss, treat polycystic ovary syndrome, and so on. With the emergence of more and more high-quality research evidence, it will be more widely used in clinics. In this paper, we review the current progress in the research of metformin, and discuss its common side effects and potential action of mechanism, with an aim to provide reference for clinical workers and researchers.
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