Advances in understanding of brain protective mechanisms of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a variety of roles in brain development and the treatment of neurological diseases, including neonatal brain injury, autism spectrum disorder, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, etc. The mechanisms underlying the protective effect of n-3 PUFAs on the brain have always been a research hotspot. The possible mechanisms include regulating synaptic plasticity and membrane receptor function, modulating signal transduction pathways, anti-inflammatory properties, and producing lipid mediators. This review reviews the progress in the understanding of the brain protective mechanisms of n-3 PUFAs, so as to help identify therapeutic targets for the relevant diseases and promote clinical translation.
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