摘要
尘肺病涉及我国目前最严重的职业卫生安全问题，给社会和患者家庭带来巨大负担。尘肺病病因明确，可防可控。但起病隐匿、病程长，早期诊断和进展监测措施有限。即使脱离粉尘环境，尘肺患者肺部疾患仍持续进展、恶化，且缺乏有效的治疗和判断纤维化进展的有效手段。这些问题是制约尘肺病诊治的关键环节。因此，对近年来有关于尘肺病的早期识别、诊断和治疗的相关文献进行综述，从现有的基础研究、队列研究和临床研究入手，探讨尘肺病的诊治现状和今后发展方向。
Abstract
Pneumoconiosis is the most serious occupational health and safety problem in China, which has brought a great burden to the society and patients' families. Pneumoconiosis has a clear etiology and is preventable and controllable, but it has a hidden onset and long duration, which makes a clear early diagnosis and monitoring difficult. Furthermore, even if the patients are out of the dust environment, lung lesions still will continue to progress and deteriorate, and there is currently a lack of effective therapeutic measures and methods of judging fibrosis progression. These problems together restrict the diagnosis and treatment of pneumoconiosis. In this paper, we review the literature on early identification, diagnosis, and treatment of pneumoconiosis in recent years, and discuss the difficulties in diagnosis and treatment of pneumoconiosis and the future development direction based on the existing basic and clinical studies.
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