摘要
骨组织具有天然的再生能力，但对于较为严重的骨缺损，其治疗需要一定的临床干预。临床修复各种骨缺损的金标准是骨移植，天然骨的治疗移植存在取材有限、并发感染、免疫排斥等问题，人工骨修复材料一定程度上避免了上述问题，提供了较大的应用潜力和前景。矿化胶原是目前仿生程度最高的骨缺损修复材料之一，具有天然骨的成分和多级结构，不仅自身具有治疗骨缺损的能力，还可以与其他物质复合，如高聚物，搭载金属离子与促血管、成骨因子等，提高修复骨缺损的能力。本文着重于治疗骨缺损临床问题，总结了矿化胶原及以其为基质的修复材料治疗不同骨缺损的应用，以期矿化胶原材料为治疗骨缺损修复提供思路。
Abstract
Bone tissue has a natural regenerative ability, but serious bone defects require certain clinical interventions. The gold standard for clinical repair of various bone defects is bone grafting; however, there are problems such as limited access to natural bone for therapeutic grafting, concurrent infections, and immune rejection. Artificial bone repair materials avoid the above problems to a certain extent and offer greater potential and prospects for application. Mineralized collagen is one of the most biomimetic bone defect repair materials, with the composition and multilevel structure of natural bone, which not only has the ability to treat bone defects by itself, but also can be compounded with other substances, such as polymers, metal ions, and angiogenic and osteogenic factors, to improve its ability to repair bone defects. This paper focuses on the clinical problems of treating bone defects, and summarizes the application of mineralized collagen and repair materials using it as a matrix for treating different bone defects, with an aim to to provide ideas for using mineralized collagen materials for bone defect repair.
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