摘要
脑小血管病（CSVD）是指由脑微血管病变引起的一系列脑部病变的总称，它被认为是血管认知障碍的主要致病原因之一。CSVD起病隐匿，进展缓慢，同时早期CSVD在磁共振成像（MRI）上缺少特异性标记物，导致诊治困难。因此，急需寻找新的分子标记物来辅助诊断。甲状腺激素（TH）是一种内分泌物质，在人体内多种组织器官中都发挥重要作用，并且血清TH水平的异常可能与CSVD的发生和发展相关。另外，Apelin与CSVD的发生可能与血管病理学和神经退行性病理学相关。未来，监测血清TH及Apelin水平可能作为CSVD患者出现认知功能障碍的重要辅助检查。本综述主要探讨CSVD与TH和Apelin水平之间的相关性，为临床预防和诊疗提供新思路。
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) refers to a variety of brain lesions caused by cerebral microvascular lesions, and is considered one of the main causes of vascular cognitive impairment. CSVD has a hidden onset and slow progression, and early CSVD lacks specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers, making its diagnosis and treatment difficult. Therefore, there is an urgent need to search for new molecular markers to assist diagnosis. Thyroid hormone (TH) is an endocrine substance that plays an important role in various tissues and organs in the human body, and abnormal serum TH levels may be related to the occurrence and development of CSVD. In addition, Apelin and the occurrence of CSVD may be related to vascular pathology and neurodegenerative pathology. Monitoring serum TH and Apelin levels may serve as important auxiliary tests for cognitive impairment in CSVD patients. This review mainly explores the correlation between CSVD, TH, and Apelin levels, with an aim to provide new ideas for the clinical prevention and treatment of CSVD.
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