柳州市医务人员职业接触艾滋病病毒的认知现状
Investigation of current cognition of occupational exposure to HIV in healthcare workers in Liuzhou,China
李妍 1葛宪民 1刘固国 2丘陆崧 3莫阳敏 4李福英5
作者信息
- 1. 530021南宁,广西医科大学公共卫生学院
- 2. 广西柳州市防治艾滋病办公室
- 3. 广西柳州市人民医院预防保健科
- 4. 广西龙潭医院艾滋病防治临床中心
- 5. 广西柳州市第二妇幼保健院感染控制科
- 折叠
摘要
目的 了解柳州市医务人员艾滋病病毒(HIV)职业接触认知情况及个人职业防护意识现状.方法 采用横断面研究,分层随机抽取柳州市10所医疗机构270名医务人员,使用自行设计的自填式问卷开展调查;用Excel对数据进行描述性分析,SPSS19.0统计分析软件对各种因素对医务人员HIV职业接触认知情况的影响进行logistic回归分析.结果 回收有效问卷260份,有效率为96.3％;接受过HIV职业接触相关培训的医务人员占84.6％(220人),知道医院有预防职业接触规章制度及操作规程的占85.8％(223人);没有接受过培训,或不知道预防职业接触规章制度和操作规程的医务人员大多来自一二级医院.106名(40.8％)医务人员曾直接接触过患者的血液或体液;154人(59.2％)曾发生过锐器损伤事件,其中致伤器械主要为空心针头(63.6％,98例).HIV职业接触总体认知情况较好的为68.1％(168人),中等为29.2％(76人).艾滋病及病毒(AIDS/HIV)基本知识、HIV职业接触基本知识、职业接触个人防护意识、职业接触后处置方法等4方面内容中,均有部分医务人员对一些细节认知程度不高.使用x2检验进行单因素分析,结果显示职业、职称两个特征与知识认知情况的相关性有统计学意义(P＜0.05).使用多因素logistic回归分析职业、职称对医务人员知识认知情况的影响,结果显示,与其他人员相比,医生、护理人员、检验人员的知识认知水平较高(OR=3.8、3.04、9.51,均P＜0.05);职称为初级及以下的人员与中级及以上者相比,前者知识认知情况较差(OR=0.47,P＜0.05).结论 该市医务人员存在HIV职业接触风险,HIV职业接触知识缺乏,需增加全面性、系统性培训.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the current cognition of occupational exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the personal occupational protection awareness in healthcare workers in Liuzhou,China.Methods A total of 270 healthcare workers were selected from 10 hospitals in Liuzhou by stratified random sampling for a cross-sectional study.And a self-administered questionnaire of occupational exposure to HIV was designed to conduct a survey.The descriptive analysis of data was carried out by Excel.And a logistic regression analysis was done to analyze the effects of different factors on healthcare workers' cognition of occupational exposure to HIV using the statistical analysis software SPSS 19.0.Results A total of 260 usable questionnaires (96.3％) were returned.Among them,220 healthcare workers (84.6％) had received the trainings on occupational exposure to HIV;223 healthcare workers (85.8％) were aware of the rules and regulations on prevention of occupational exposure to HIV and the operation procedures in their hospitals.The healthcare workers who had not received the trainings or had not known the rules and regulations and the operation procedures were mainly from primary or secondary hospitals.A total of 106 healthcare workers (40.8％) had directly contacted patients' blood or body fluids;154 healthcare workers (59.2％) were injured by sharp instruments,and most were hollow needle stick injuries (98/154,63.6％).A total of 168 healthcare workers (68.08％) had better cognitive awareness of occupational exposure to HIV,and 76 healthcare workers (29.2％) had moderate cognitive awareness.Some healthcare workers had poor knowledge in the common sense of AIDS/HIV and occupational exposure to HIV,the personal protection awareness of occupational exposure,or the disposal measures after occupational exposure.The univariate analysis using chi-square test showed that occupation and professional title were significantly correlated with the cognition (P＜0.05).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the doctors (OR=3.8,P＜0.05),nurses (OR=3.04,P＜0.05),and laboratory technicians (OR=9.51,P＜0.05) had better awareness compared with the others.The healthcare workers with a primary or lower professional title had poorer awareness compared with the healthcare workers with a higher professional title (OR=0.47,P＜0.05).Conclusion Healthcare workers have the risk of occupational exposure to HIV.They do not have comprehensive and systematic knowledge related to occupational exposure to HIV,and they have a high demand for training.
关键词
艾滋病病毒/职业暴露/医务人员/职业健康Key words
Human immunodeficiency virus/Occupational exposure/Medical staff/Occupational health引用本文复制引用
基金项目
*(卫生部卫科传专项[2012]1号)
国家“十二五”科技重大专项(2012ZX10004910)
出版年
2015
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据