摘要
目的 探讨轮班作业及其与职业应激关系.方法 采取整群抽样的方法对13家企业5 338名工人进行调查,用职业紧张测量工具、工作内容问卷和付出-回报失衡问卷等调查工人的职业紧张因素、紧张反应和轮班情况.结果 轮班作业人数占46.6％,不同企业、不同个体特征(包括性别、岗位、文化程度、年龄、工龄、吸烟、饮酒情况)和不同周工作时间组间轮班作业情况有差异,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01或P＜0.05);健康状况与轮班作业相关(P＜0.01);轮班作业组的技术利用、工作控制水平、心理需求、回报、社会支持、工作满意感评分均低于非轮班作业组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),而轮班作业组的躯体需求、付出、抑郁症状和负性情感评分高于非轮班作业组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 轮班作业对健康状况存在影响,轮班作业与职业应激有关.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the relationship between work in shifts and occupational stress.Methods A total of 5338 employees from 13 companies were investigated by cluster sampling,and occupational stress measuring tools,job content questionnaire,and effort-reward imbalance questionnaire were used to investigate occupational stress factors,stress reaction,and the condition of work in shifts.Results The employees who worked in shifts accounted for 46.6％.The condition of work in shifts varied significantly across different companies,employees with different individual features (including sex,job title,degree of education,age,working years,smoking,and drinking),and employees with different weekly working times (P＜0.01 or P＜ 0.05);health status was associated with work in shifts (P＜0.01);compared with the employees who did not work in shifts,those who worked in shifts had significantly lower scores of technology utilization,work control level,psychological need,reward,social support,and job satisfaction (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05),as well as significantly higher scores of physical demands,effort,depressive symptoms,and negative affectivity (P＜0.01).Conclusion Work in shifts can affect health status,and is associated with occupational stress.
基金项目
国家“十一五”科技支撑项目(2006BA106B08)
河南省医学科技攻关计划重大项目(201001009)
河南省卫生科技领军人才基金(3022)
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据