Objective To study the effect of high intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)on the liver cancer and the immunity of rats via the change of histology and activity of lymphocytes.Methods 60 Wistar rats were experimented.Forty of them were established the tumor models by implanting a W256 tumor mass (size,1mm3)into left liver, Another 20 rats were as normal control group without tumor implantation.Among 40 tumor model rats,20 rats were irradiated by HIFU (10 MHz, 1 528.7 W/cm2) 20 seconds/per time to tumor focus for two times(group A). Other 20 tumor models(group B) were sham irradiated, the way as same as group A after 10 days of implanting tumor.20 normal rats as group C were also received the HIFU irradiation to liver tissues.After two weeks of treatment,the lymphocytes were isolated from the peripheral blood,the activity of lymphocytes was measured by MTT method.The tissues of border between the tumor focus and normal tissues were observed by light and electron microscope.Results It was found that the target tissues were already coagulative necrosis without tumor cells or hepatic cells survival. The cancerocidal activities of lymphocytes in Group A was similar to that of group C (2.054 1±0.664 2)Vs(1.910 8±0.554 1).There was no obvious difference(P＞0.05).But these parameters were markedly higher than the lymphocyte activity of group B(1.391 3±0.606 8)(t＝3.294 9，P＜0.005；t＝2.827 4，P＜0.02).Conclusion It shows that HIFU could destroy the liver cancer of rats. It could induce the immune reaction of anti-tumor and improve the immune activity of lymphocyte in rats with cancer.
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