No research considering the expression of protein post-translational crotonylation in benign prostate hyperplasia(BPH),and the correlation between crotonylation and clinical urodynamic testing parameters.176 BPH samples collected in our hospital were stained with crotonylation pan-antibody,and the correlation between staining scores and urodynamic test parameters were analyzed.The results showed that 14.77%of BPH tissues had high levels,40.34%had moderate levels,and 44.89%had low levels of crotonylation modification in cytoplasm.43.75%of BPH tissue cell nuclei were stained positive,of which 12 cases showed high levels,18 cases had medium levels,and47 cases had low levels of crotonylation modification.The volume of BPH tissue with high-level cytoplasmic crotonylation modified[(90.15±29.88)ml]was significantly higher than that of medium-level[(52.53±28.68)ml]and low-level[(43.33±19.65)ml]tissues(P<0.001).Parameters from urodynamics including detrusor pressure and prostate plateau area were significantly higher in the high-level crotonylation group[(63.21±36.25)cmH2O and(2 011.2±518.7)mm·cmH2O]than those in the medium-[(45.0±25.4)cmH2O and(1 319.1±564.4)mm·cmH2O]and low-level[(37.1±19.5)cmH2O and(1 496.4±520.1)mm·cmH2O]groups(P<0.01).High-level crotonylation modification is related to the proliferation of BPH tissue and the urodynamic performance of patients,which could be involved in the occurrence and development of BPH.