摘要
磁共振成像是诊断脑小血管病的首选影像学检查方法，主要表现包括近期皮层下小梗死、可能为血管起源的腔隙性梗死、可能为血管起源的脑白质高信号、血管周围间隙、脑微出血、脑皮质表面铁沉积、微梗死以及脑萎缩，上述影像学表现常同时或相继出现。近年来研究者们提出了“小血管病总评分”，即将脑小血管病不同的磁共振成像标志物组合成一个测量指标，通过影像学标志物总负荷评估更加准确地捕捉来自脑小血管病的全部脑损伤。运动障碍是脑小血管病患者疾病后期主要临床负担，关于脑小血管病标志物与运动障碍的研究备受关注。本研究旨在对脑小血管病运动障碍产生机制、各影像学标志物与运动障碍关联、新兴影像学评估方法等进行概述，以期提高广大研究者及临床医师对脑小血管病影像学标志物与运动障碍关系的认识，有利于今后临床和科研工作的推进。
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging is the preferred imaging examination method for the diagnosis of cerebral small vessel disease. Its main manifestations include recent small subcortical infarct, lacune (of presumed vascular origin), white matter hyperintensity (of presumed vascular origin) , perivascular space, cerebral microbleed, cortical superficial siderosis, brain atrophy, and cortical cerebral microinfarct. The above imaging manifestations often occur simultaneously or successively. In recent years, researchers have proposed a "total small vessel diseases score", that is, combining different magnetic resonance imaging markers of small cerebral vascular diseases into a measurement index, which is more accurate capture of all brain injuries from cerebrovascular diseases through the assessment of total burden of imaging markers. Movement dysfunction are the main clinical burden for patients with cerebrovascular diseases in the later stage. Research on cerebrovascular imaging markers and movement disorders has received great attention. This study aims to provide an overview of the mechanism of movement disorders in cerebral small vessel disease, the association between various imaging markers and movement disorders, and emerging imaging evaluation methods. It is desirable for researchers and clinical physicians will have an understanding of the relationship between cerebrovascular imaging markers and movement disorders, which will be beneficial for future clinical and scientific research work.
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(81901204)
2022年度兵团指导性科技计划项目(2022ZD029)
万方数据