Analysis of the Mediating Effect between Maternal Dietary Behavior and Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index and the Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Objective To investigate the mediating effect of dietary behavior in pregnant women between pre-pregnancy body mass index and the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus,and provide reference for clinical prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 297 pregnant women admitted to the obstetric health clinic of our hospital from January 1st,2021 to December 31st,2022 were selected to evaluate the dietary behavior of pregnant women by using the dietary behavior scale,collect pre-pregnancy BMI,and receive GDM screening at 24 to 28 weeks of gestation.To analyze the mediating effect of dietary behavior between preconception BMI and GDM.Results A total of 72 patients with GDM were diagnosed in this group.The age of the GDM group was higher than that of the non-GDM group(P＜0.05),the family history of diabetes was higher than that of the non-GDM group(P＜0.05),the pre-pregnancy BMI and weight gain during pregnancy were higher than that of the non-GDM group(P＜0.05),and the dietary behavior score of pregnant women was lower than that of the non-GDM group(P＜0.05).Pre-pregnancy BMI had a positive predictive effect on GDM(β=1.512),and a negative predictive effect on dietary behavior score of pregnant women(β=-1.302,).The effect of pre-pregnancy BMI on GDM decreased with the increase of dietary behavior of pregnant women as the intermediate variable(β changed from 1.512 to 1.032).It was suggested that dietary behavior score of pregnant women had partial mediating effect between pre-pregnancy BMI and GDM.Conclusions Dietary behavior of pregnant women partly mediated the influence of pre-pregnancy BMI on GDM.Reasonable diet helped to maintain normal pre-pregnancy BMI and reduce the risk of GDM.
Gestational diabetes mellitusDietary behavior of pregnant womenPre-pregnancy body mass indexObesityRisk factor
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