Analysis of Disease Spectrum of 18,454 Hospitalized Neonates
Objectives This study aims to investigate the spectrum of neonatal diseases to provide a scientific basis for neonatal-perinatal preventive health care.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 18,454 hospitalized newborns at a tertiary maternal and child health hospital in Xi'an from January 1,2019 to December 31,2021.The main diagnoses of hospitalized newborns were standardized according to the International Classification of Diseases(ICD-10),and the disease composition and distribution were compared using Excel 2003 and SPSS 26.0.Results The top ten diseases in neonatal hospitalization were premature infants,neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,neonatal pneumonia,neonatal ABO hemolytic disease,infections specific to the perinatal period,neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,small for gestational age infants,transient hypoglycemia,neonatal wet lung,and neonatal asphyxia,accounting for 89.6％of the total hospitalized population.Among the hospitalized patients,there were 9781 males and 8673 females,with a male-to-female ratio of 1.12∶1.There was no difference in the top 10 diseases between males and females,but the ranking is slightly different.The top three diseases in both males and females were premature infants,neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,and neonatal pneumonia,accounting for 60.3％of the total hospitalized population.The ranking of other diseases was slightly different.Conclusions Preterm infants,neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,and neonatal pneumonia are the most common causes of hospitalization in the local neonatal period.Targeted measures should be taken to strengthen maternal and infant perinatal health care and prevention of these diseases.
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