Analysis on the Related Factors in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus as well as Pregnancy Complications and Neonatal Conditions
Objectives To explore the influencing factors in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus as well as pregnancy complications and neonatal conditions,and provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment.Methods The case-control and cohort study began on June 5th,2023 and ended on October 28th,2023.A total of 582 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)who were hospitalized in the obstetrics department of a hospital due to childbirth from January 1st,2019 to May 31st,2023 were included as the case group,and 582 patients with non-gestational diabetes mellitus(non-GDM)who were hospitalized during the same period were randomly selected as the control group.Age,pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI),pregnancy frequency,pregnancy hypertension,abnormal amniotic fluid,neonatal infection and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia were compared between the two groups.t test,Chi-square test and Logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.Results(1)The age,BMI before pregnancy and times of pregnancy in GDM group were higher than those in control group(P＜0.05);(2)The incidence rate of patients with family history of diabetes,hypertension during pregnancy,preeclampsia and subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy in GDM group was higher than that in non-GDM Group(P＜0.05);(3)The number of patients with excess amniotic fluid,amniotic fluid pollution,premature delivery,neonatal infection and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in GDM group was higher than that in control group(P＜0.05);(4)Logistic regression analysis showed that age,BMI,hypertension during pregnancy and subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy were the risk factors of GDM.Conclusions Overweight,obesity and family history of diabetes mellitus were high risk factors of GDM,poor glycemic control in GDM patients could lead to macrosomia,preterm birth,neonatal infection,neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and other adverse pregnancy outcomes,so it was necessary to strengthen health education and propaganda before pregnancy,to monitor blood glucose regularly during pregnancy and control blood glucose reasonably.
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